Linux 是 Unix 吗？
UNIX和Linux，名字看起来很相似。计算机用户经常混合使用 UNIX 和 Linux。 UNIX 被认为是操作系统列表中的领先成员。 UNIX 操作系统于 20 世纪 60 年代推出，其衍生系统（例如 IBM、Sun-Solaris 和 macOS）仍在使用。除此之外，Linux 是一个类似 UNIX 的内核，并且它还支持一系列基于 Linux 内核的发行版。 Linux 于 20 世纪 90 年代初推出。
这篇文章提供了对 UNIX 和 Linux 的深入见解，以加强有关“Linux 是 UNIX 吗？”的争论。为此，本文的大纲如下：
什么是 Linux 和 UNIX？
Linux 和 UNIX 的比较
什么是 Linux 和 UNIX？
Linux 是一个开源且免费的内核，可以从互联网上获取。受Linux内核启发，已经发明了数百种发行版，例如Debian、Ubuntu、CentOS、Arch Linux、Manjaro等。Linux有一个开源社区，提供快速的运行时支持服务。此外，基于 Linux 的发行版提供了交互式图形用户界面，这是简单和高级计算机用户使用 Linux 的主要原因。
1969 年，贝尔实验室的一群合作者和一个非营利组织发明了 UNIX 操作系统。 UNIX 主要服务于使用服务器、工作站或大型计算机的社区。它是一个专用的 CLI 操作系统。后来，UNIX 也开始提供 GUI 支持。
Linux 和 UNIX 的比较
到目前为止，您已经了解了 UNIX 和 Linux 的基本介绍。为了更好地理解，这里对 UNIX 和 Linux 进行了比较。下表通过考虑一些重要因素提供了简要信息。
| Factors | Linux | UNIX |
|---|---|---|
| Scope | Open source and free therefore used by a large amount of the community. | UNIX is dealt with by the vendors, and thus they charge differently as per the system’s requirement. |
| Default Interface | Bourne Again Shell (BASH) | “Bourne Shell” refers to the default interface of UNIX. |
| GUI Support | Supports various desktop environments such as GNOME, KDE, and MATE. | Few derivatives support the GNOME environment only. |
| Derivatives | Ubuntu, CentOS, Manjaro etc. | SunOS, Solaris, ULTRIX, macOS.
Linux can also be referred to as a UNIX derivative because the development of Linux is inspired by the UNIX system. |
| Community Support | A group of volunteers handles and solves queries of the users instantly. | The UNIX users have to wait longer for their queries to be solved by the vendors/stakeholders. |
| File system Support | It supports a variety of modern file systems, including Ext3, Xfs, Ext4, FAT, NTFS, FAT32, etc. | UNIX OS has the support for a limited number of file systems, including gpfs, jfs, Xfs, etc. |
| Usage | Used in Home PCs. Thus, a novel computer user can also use Linux. It can also be used in servers and supercomputers and is thus suitable for expert users as well. | Recommended for experts as it is used in the servers, mainframe computers/supercomputers. |
| System | Linux is a kernel, not a complete OS. | UNIX is a full-fledged operating system. |
| Security | Highly secure. | Provides the same security features as Linux. |
| Source Code availability | The source code of Linux is open to everyone. | The UNIX source code is not available to the public. |
| Development | The Linux community contributes to and continually develops its functionality. | UNIX serves various versions that are developed/maintained at AT&T labs and the other vendors as well. |
| Architecture Support | Supports x86, ARM family (arm and arm6), MIPS, Power ISA, PowerPC, and so on. | It supports a very small number of architectures such as PA-RISC (Precision Architecture – Reduced Instruction Set Computer), Itanium, x86, etc. |
| Portability | Portability is much higher as it supports a lot of system architectures. | UNIX is not as portable as Linux because of the lesser support for system architecture. |
就是这样。对UNIX和Linux进行了详细的比较，以确定Linux是UNIX吗？
结论
Linux 是一个内核，而 UNIX 是一个真正的操作系统。 Linux 是建立在 UNIX 基础上的。然而，Linux 开发人员并没有利用 UNIX 的源代码来开发 Linux。这篇文章提供了详细信息来确定Linux是否是UNIX？从这篇文章中可以看出，Linux 和 UNIX 有一些相似之处。然而，它们不能被视为相同，因为差异列表太大。
Linux 适合家庭用户、开发人员、管理员等且易于使用。与此相反，UNIX 指的是大型机和服务器；因此，有经验的人可以享受 UNIX 带来的好处。