如何在 Oracle Linux 上配置 MySQL 多主复制
在此页
- 1。初步说明
- 2。安装阶段
- 3。配置阶段
- 4。测试阶段
本教程介绍如何在 Oracle Linux 上设置和配置 MySQL 多主复制。众所周知，MySQL 是众所周知的一流数据库产品，已被证明可用于企业。由于数据对每个组织都至关重要，因此大多数数据库管理员都在寻找合适的解决方案来设置高可用性，以确保用户能够 24/7 全天候访问他们的数据。 MySQL 复制是一种可以确保高可用性策略的解决方案。最重要的是，MySQL 复制还能够帮助数据库管理员通过负载平衡 READ 和 WRITE 请求来将负载分配到多个数据库服务器上。不幸的是，基本复制只能对 READ 请求提供好处。因此，引入了 MySQL 多主复制来为 WRITE 请求提供复制。
1. 初步说明
对于本教程，我使用 32 位版本的 Oracle Linux 6.8。请注意，虽然是在Oracle Linux 下进行配置，但在CentOS 和Red Hat Linux 下的步骤和配置基本相同。在本教程中，我们将使用 2 个服务器。在它们中的每一个上，我们将设置一个 MySQL 数据库并将其配置为多主复制。在本教程结束时，我们将看到包括 DDL（数据定义语言）和 DML（数据操作语言）请求在内的任何 READ 或 WRITE 请求都将在两台服务器上运行。
2. 安装阶段
对于安装阶段，我们只需要用于配置阶段的 MySQL 服务器包和用于访问数据库环境的 MySQL 客户端。这两个包都需要安装一些依赖项。首先，让我们确认我们操作系统的版本并记下预配置的 IP 地址。
[ ~]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:42:C0:4C
inet addr:192.168.43.11 Bcast:192.168.43.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe42:c04c/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:544 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:79 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:51274 (50.0 KiB) TX bytes:9474 (9.2 KiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:240 (240.0 b) TX bytes:240 (240.0 b)现在在另一台服务器上做同样的事情。
[ ~]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 09:00:30:42:C1:5D
inet addr:192.168.43.12 Bcast:192.168.43.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe42:c04c/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:544 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:79 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:51274 (50.0 KiB) TX bytes:9474 (9.2 KiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:240 (240.0 b) TX bytes:240 (240.0 b)接下来将 IP 地址添加到服务器主机文件。在两台服务器上执行相同的操作，如下所示。
[ ~]# vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.43.11 DB1
192.168.43.12 DB2接下来，我将配置一个新的存储库，以通过 yum 实用程序安装 MySQL 服务器和 MySQL 客户端程序包。请在两台服务器上执行此操作。
[ yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS.repo mysql-community.repo
mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm mysql-community-source.repo已安装最新 MySQL 版本的新存储库。让我们启用它们。
[ yum.repos.d]# vi mysql-community.repo
# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql 完成后，让我们确保 MySQL 包可用。
[ yum.repos.d]# rpm -qa|grep -i mysql
mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch太好了，现在我们已经完成了一半。由于当前服务器中没有安装 MySQL 包，让我们开始包安装。以下是步骤。
[>
Package: mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch (installed)
From : file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
Installing : mysql-community-common-5.6.36-2.el6.i686 1/5
Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.6.36-2.el6.i686 2/5
Installing : mysql-community-client-5.6.36-2.el6.i686 3/5
Installing : perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.i686 4/5
Installing : mysql-community-server-5.6.36-2.el6.i686 5/5
Verifying : perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.i686 1/5
Verifying : mysql-community-server-5.6.36-2.el6.i686 2/5
Verifying : mysql-community-libs-5.6.36-2.el6.i686 3/5
Verifying : mysql-community-common-5.6.36-2.el6.i686 4/5
Verifying : mysql-community-client-5.6.36-2.el6.i686 5/5
Installed:
mysql-community-server.i686 0:5.6.36-2.el6
Dependency Installed:
mysql-community-client.i686 0:5.6.36-2.el6 mysql-community-common.i686 0:5.6.36-2.el6
mysql-community-libs.i686 0:5.6.36-2.el6 perl-DBI.i686 0:1.609-4.el6
Complete!太好了，现在安装完成了。第一次启动 MySQL 守护进程。
[ yum.repos.d]# service mysqld restart
Stopping mysqld: [ OK ]
Initializing MySQL database: 2017-05-22 09:55:53 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2017-05-22 09:55:53 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap.
2017-05-22 09:55:53 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.36) starting as process 18645 ...
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to be created!
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait...
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 MB
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 MB
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45781
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer created
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: Foreign key constraint system tables created
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: Creating tablespace and datafile system tables.
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: Tablespace and datafile system tables created.
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2017-05-22 09:55:53 18645 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.36 started; log sequence number 0
2017-05-22 09:55:54 18645 [Note] Binlog end
2017-05-22 09:55:54 18645 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2017-05-22 09:55:54 18645 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2017-05-22 09:55:55 18645 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977
2017-05-22 09:55:55 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2017-05-22 09:55:55 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap.
2017-05-22 09:55:55 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.36) starting as process 18667 ...
2017-05-22 09:55:55 18667 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2017-05-22 09:55:55 18667 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2017-05-22 09:55:55 18667 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2017-05-22 09:55:55 18667 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2017-05-22 09:55:55 18667 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2017-05-22 09:55:55 18667 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2017-05-22 09:55:55 18667 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2017-05-22 09:55:55 18667 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2017-05-22 09:55:55 18667 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2017-05-22 09:55:55 18667 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2017-05-22 09:55:55 18667 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2017-05-22 09:55:55 18667 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2017-05-22 09:55:55 18667 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.36 started; log sequence number 1625977
2017-05-22 09:55:55 18667 [Note] Binlog end
2017-05-22 09:55:55 18667 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2017-05-22 09:55:55 18667 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2017-05-22 09:55:57 18667 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h vdevknime1 password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/
The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at
http://www.mysql.com
Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com
Note: new default config file not created.
Please make sure your config file is current
WARNING: Default config file /etc/my.cnf exists on the system
This file will be read by default by the MySQL server
If you do not want to use this, either remove it, or use the
#NAME?
[ OK ]
Starting mysqld: [ OK ]太好了，现在我们的 MySQL 服务器服务启动了。让我们通过列出 MySQL 服务使用的端口来确认它。默认情况下，MySQL 在启动服务时会使用端口 3306。以下是命令：
[ yum.repos.d]# netstat -apn|grep -i mysql
tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 2139/mysqld
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 16018 2139/mysqld /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock 现在，让我们为 MySQL root 用户设置一个初始密码，以确保我们没有错过 MySQL 服务器的基本安全性。
[ |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)完成安装阶段。让我们继续配置多主复制设置。
3.配置阶段
让我们进入 MySQL my.cnf 配置文件并在服务器 DB1 上进行如下更改。
[ ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
port=3306
innodb_file_per_table=ON
pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/mysqld.pid
server-id = 11
log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
binlog_do_db = test_rep下面是对配置的解释：
- server-id ==> 复制 ID
- log_bin ==> 用于复制活动的日志文件
- binlog_do_db ==> 复制过程相关的数据库
完成后，让我们进入 MySQL 服务器环境并创建相关数据库并为复制过程分配一个用户。
[ ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.6.36-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> create database test_rep;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> create user 'replicator'@'DB2' identified by 'Rep1234';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'replicator'@'DB2';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 大功告成，现在重启MySQL服务器，看看配置是否已经激活。以下是步骤：
[ ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.6.36-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show master status;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 854 | test_rep | | |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec) 太好了，现在可以将服务器 DB2 设置为 DB1 复制主服务器的从属服务器，并在此基础上将服务器 DB2 设置为 DB1 服务器的主服务器。以下是步骤：
[ ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
port=3306
innodb_file_per_table=ON
pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/mysqld.pid
server-id = 12
log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
binlog_do_db = test_rep 与 DB1 中的配置相同，让我们进入 MySQL 服务器环境并创建相关数据库并为复制过程分配一个用户。
[ ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.6.36-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> create database test_rep;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> create user 'replicator'@'DB1' identified by 'Rep1234';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'replicator'@'DB1';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status;
Empty set (0.01 sec)完成，现在让我们重新启动 DB2 MySQL 服务器并查看配置是否已激活。如果是，那么我们将继续为 DB1 服务器创建从属服务器。
[ ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.6.36-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show master status;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 553 | test_rep | | |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST = 'DB1', MASTER_PORT = 3306, MASTER_USER = 'replicator', MASTER_PASSWORD = 'Rep1234', MASTER_LOG_FILE = 'mysql-bin.000001', MASTER_LOG_POS = 854;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.07 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: DB1
Master_User: replicator
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 854
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 284
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 854
Relay_Log_Space: 459
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 11
Master_UUID: 6e143d91-3635-11e7-b9ad-08002742c04c
Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
mysql> show slave status;
+----------------------------------+---------------+-------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+---------------+-----------------------+------------------+-------------------+-----------
| Slave_IO_State | Master_Host | Master_User | Master_Port | Connect_Retry | Master_Log_File | Read_Master_Log_Pos | Relay_Log_File | Relay_Log_Pos | Relay_Master_Log_File | Slave_IO_Running | Slave_SQL_Running | Replicate_Do_DB | Replicate_Ignore_DB | Replicate_Do_Table | Replicate_Ignore_Table | Replicate_Wild_Do_Table | Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table | Last_Errno | Last_Error | Skip_Counter | Exec_Master_Log_Pos | Relay_Log_Space | Until_Condition | Until_Log_File | Until_Log_Pos | Master_SSL_Allowed | Master_SSL_CA_File | Master_SSL_CA_Path | Master_SSL_Cert | Master_SSL_Cipher | Master_SSL_Key | Seconds_Behind_Master | Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert | Last_IO_Errno | Last_IO_Error | Last_SQL_Errno | Last_SQL_Error | Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids | Master_Server_Id | Master_UUID | Master_Info_File | SQL_Delay | SQL_Remaining_Delay | Slave_SQL_Running_State | Master_Retry_Count | Master_Bind | Last_IO_Error_Timestamp | Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp | Master_SSL_Crl | Master_SSL_Crlpath | Retrieved_Gtid_Set | Executed_Gtid_Set | Auto_Position |
+----------------------------------+---------------+-------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+---------------+-----------------------+------------------+-------------------+-----------
| Waiting for master to send event | DB1 | replicator | 3306 | 60 | mysql-bin.000001 | 854 | mysqld-relay-bin.000002 | 284 | mysql-bin.000001 | Yes | Yes | | | | | | | 0 | | 0 | 854 | 459 | None | | 0 | No | | | | | | 0 | No | 0 | | 0 | | | 11 | 6e143d91-3635-11e7-b9ad-08002742c04c | /var/lib/mysql/master.info | 0 | NULL | Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it | 86400 | | | | | | | | 0 |
+----------------------------------+---------------+-------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+---------------+-----------------------+------------------+-------------------+-----------
1 row in set (0.00 sec) 伟大的！由于已经为 DB2 服务器设置了所有内容，让我们回到 DB1 服务器并为 DB2 服务器进行从属配置。
[ ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 5.6.36-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show master status;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 854 | test_rep | | |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST = 'DB2', MASTER_PORT = 3306, MASTER_USER = 'replicator', MASTER_PASSWORD = 'Rep1234', MASTER_LOG_FILE = 'mysql-bin.000001', MASTER_LOG_POS = 553;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.25 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> show slave status;
+----------------------------------+---------------+-------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+---------------+-----------------------+------------------+-------------------+-----------
| Slave_IO_State | Master_Host | Master_User | Master_Port | Connect_Retry | Master_Log_File | Read_Master_Log_Pos | Relay_Log_File | Relay_Log_Pos | Relay_Master_Log_File | Slave_IO_Running | Slave_SQL_Running | Replicate_Do_DB | Replicate_Ignore_DB | Replicate_Do_Table | Replicate_Ignore_Table | Replicate_Wild_Do_Table | Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table | Last_Errno | Last_Error | Skip_Counter | Exec_Master_Log_Pos | Relay_Log_Space | Until_Condition | Until_Log_File | Until_Log_Pos | Master_SSL_Allowed | Master_SSL_CA_File | Master_SSL_CA_Path | Master_SSL_Cert | Master_SSL_Cipher | Master_SSL_Key | Seconds_Behind_Master | Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert | Last_IO_Errno | Last_IO_Error | Last_SQL_Errno | Last_SQL_Error | Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids | Master_Server_Id | Master_UUID | Master_Info_File | SQL_Delay | SQL_Remaining_Delay | Slave_SQL_Running_State | Master_Retry_Count | Master_Bind | Last_IO_Error_Timestamp | Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp | Master_SSL_Crl | Master_SSL_Crlpath | Retrieved_Gtid_Set | Executed_Gtid_Set | Auto_Position |
+----------------------------------+---------------+-------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+---------------+-----------------------+------------------+-------------------+-----------
| Waiting for master to send event | DB2 | replicator | 3306 | 60 | mysql-bin.000001 | 553 | mysqld-relay-bin.000002 | 284 | mysql-bin.000001 | Yes | Yes | | | | | | | 0 | | 0 | 553 | 459 | None | | 0 | No | | | | | | 0 | No | 0 | | 0 | | | 12 | 14f5ab41-3c7b-11e7-a293-08002742c04c | /var/lib/mysql/master.info | 0 | NULL | Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it | 86400 | | | | | | | | 0 |
+----------------------------------+---------------+-------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+---------------+-----------------------+------------------+-------------------+-----------
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: DB2
Master_User: replicator
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 553
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 284
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 553
Relay_Log_Space: 459
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 12
Master_UUID: 14f5ab41-3c7b-11e7-a293-08002742c04c
Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified 做得很好，现在一切都准备就绪，让我们继续测试阶段以得出所有配置均已正确完成的结论。
4. 测试阶段
在我们开始测试之前，让我们对最终结果预期做出假设。对于此测试，我们将在 DB1 MySQL 服务器上创建一个表，然后在 DB2 上检查该表是否自动存在。如果是，那么我们将向其中添加一个新数据行，并在 DB1 服务器中再次检查新数据是否在两个服务器上都可用。
[ ~]# mysql -u root -p test_rep
Enter password:
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 16
Server version: 5.6.36-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> select database();
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| test_rep |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create table tbl1( id int(11) primary key auto_increment, fullname varchar(30));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.22 sec)
mysql> show tables in test_rep;
+--------------------+
| Tables_in_test_rep |
+--------------------+
| tbl1 |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec) 完成，因为建表是 DDL（数据定义语言）语句，所以不需要输入提交命令。现在让我们进入 DB2 MySQL 服务器，看看新创建的表是否存在。
[ ~]# mysql -u root -p test_rep
Enter password:
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.6.36-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show tables in test_rep;
+--------------------+
| Tables_in_test_rep |
+--------------------+
| tbl1 |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into tbl1 ( fullname ) values ('Shahril'), ('mark'), ('Allen'), ('Suzy'), ('Adam') ;
Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.05 sec)
Records: 5 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from tbl1;
+----+----------+
| id | fullname |
+----+----------+
| 1 | Shahril |
| 2 | mark |
| 3 | Allen |
| 4 | Suzy |
| 5 | Adam |
+----+----------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 太好了，请注意在 DB1 服务器中新创建的表现在自动存在于 DB2 MySQL 服务器中。然后我们也成功地向表中插入了5行数据。对于最后的检查，让我们看看表 TBL1 中的更新行是否也可以在 DB1 服务器中看到。
[ ~]# mysql -u root -p test_rep
Enter password:
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.6.36-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> select * from tbl1;
+----+----------+
| id | fullname |
+----+----------+
| 1 | Shahril |
| 2 | mark |
| 3 | Allen |
| 4 | Suzy |
| 5 | Adam |
+----+----------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> delete from tbl1 where fullname like 'A%';
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.07 sec)
mysql> select * from tbl1;
+----+----------+
| id | fullname |
+----+----------+
| 1 | Shahril |
| 2 | mark |
| 4 | Suzy |
+----+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec) 竖起大拇指！我们已经成功地在两台服务器之间创建了一个 MySQL 多主复制。