在Linux操作系统下如何确定PCI设备的制造商?
要从 Linux 操作系统查找或确定 PCI 设备的制造商,请使用 lspci 命令。打开命令行终端(选择应用程序 > 附件 > 终端),然后键入以下命令:
$ lspci
示例输出:
00:00.0 主桥:Intel Corporation 5000P 芯片组内存控制器中枢(rev b1) 00:02.0 PCI 桥接器:Intel Corporation 5000 系列芯片组 PCI Express x8 端口 2-3(修订版 b1) 00:04.0 PCI 桥接器:Intel Corporation 5000 系列芯片组 PCI Express x8 端口 4-5(修订版 b1) 00:06.0 PCI 桥接器:Intel Corporation 5000 系列芯片组 PCI Express x8 端口 6-7 (rev b1) 00:08.0 系统外设:Intel Corporation 5000 系列芯片组 DMA 引擎(rev b1) 00:10.0 主桥:Intel Corporation 5000 系列芯片组 FSB 寄存器(rev b1) 00:10.1 主桥:Intel Corporation 5000 系列芯片组 FSB 寄存器(rev b1) 00:10.2 主桥:Intel Corporation 5000 系列芯片组 FSB 寄存器(rev b1) 00:11.0 主桥:Intel Corporation 5000 系列芯片组保留寄存器(rev b1) 00:13.0 主桥:Intel Corporation 5000 系列芯片组保留寄存器(rev b1) 00:15.0 主桥:Intel Corporation 5000 系列芯片组 FBD 寄存器(修订版 b1) 00:16.0 主桥:Intel Corporation 5000 系列芯片组 FBD 寄存器(修订版 b1) 00:1c.0 PCI 桥接器:Intel Corporation 631xESB/632xESB/3100 芯片组 PCI Express 根端口 1(修订版 09) 00:1d.0 USB 控制器:Intel Corporation 631xESB/632xESB/3100 芯片组 UHCI USB 控制器 #1(修订版 09) 00:1d.1 USB 控制器:Intel Corporation 631xESB/632xESB/3100 芯片组 UHCI USB 控制器 #2(修订版 09) 00:1d.2 USB 控制器:Intel Corporation 631xESB/632xESB/3100 芯片组 UHCI USB 控制器 #3(修订版 09) 00:1d.3 USB 控制器:Intel Corporation 631xESB/632xESB/3100 芯片组 UHCI USB 控制器 #4(修订版 09) 00:1d.7 USB 控制器:Intel Corporation 631xESB/632xESB/3100 芯片组 EHCI USB2 控制器(修订版 09) 00:1e.0 PCI 桥:Intel Corporation 82801 PCI 桥(修订版 d9) 00:1f.0 ISA 桥:Intel Corporation 631xESB/632xESB/3100 芯片组 LPC 接口控制器(修订版 09) 00:1f.1 IDE 接口:Intel Corporation 631xESB/632xESB IDE 控制器(修订版 09) 00:1f.2 IDE 接口:Intel Corporation 631xESB/632xESB/3100 芯片组 SATA IDE 控制器(修订版 09) 00:1f.3 SMBus:英特尔公司 631xESB/632xESB/3100 芯片组 SMBus 控制器(修订版 09) 01:00.0 PCI 桥接器:Intel Corporation 6311ESB/6321ESB PCI Express 上游端口(修订版 01) 01:00.3 PCI 桥接器:Intel Corporation 6311ESB/6321ESB PCI Express 至 PCI-X 桥接器(修订版 01) 02:00.0 PCI 桥接器:Intel Corporation 6311ESB/6321ESB PCI Express 下游端口 E1(修订版 01) 02:02.0 PCI 桥接器:Intel Corporation 6311ESB/6321ESB PCI Express 下游端口 E3(修订版 01) 04:00.0 以太网控制器:Intel Corporation 80003ES2LAN 千兆位以太网控制器(铜质)(修订版 01) 04:00.1 以太网控制器:Intel Corporation 80003ES2LAN 千兆位以太网控制器(铜质)(修订版 01) 06:00.0 RAID 总线控制器:Adaptec AAC-RAID(修订版 09) 08:00.0 PCI 桥接器:Intel Corporation 6702PXH PCI Express 至 PCI 桥接器 A(修订版 09) 0a:01.0 VGA 兼容控制器:ATI Technologies Inc ES1000(修订版 02)
上面的输出表明我有以下 PCI 设备制造商:
- RAID卡:Adaptec
- 以太网:英特尔
- VGA:ATI 技术公司
要获取详细输出,请输入:
示例输出:
$ lspci -v
$ lspci -v | less
lspci-v 00:00.0 主桥:Intel Corporation 5000P 芯片组内存控制器中枢(rev b1) 子系统:Super Micro Computer Inc 设备 9280 标志:总线主控、快速 devsel、延迟 0 功能:[50] 电源管理版本 2 功能:[58] MSI:启用-计数=1/2 可屏蔽-64 位- 功能:[6c] Express Root 端口(插槽)、MSI 00 功能:[100] 高级错误报告 00:02.0 PCI 桥:Intel Corporation 5000 系列芯片组 PCI Express x8 端口 2-3 (rev b1)(prog-if 00 [正常解码]) 标志:总线主控、快速 devsel、延迟 0 总线:主要=00,次要=01,从属=05,秒延迟=0 桥后面的 I/O:00002000-00002fff 桥后内存:d8200000-d83fffff 功能:[50] 电源管理版本 2 功能:[58] MSI:启用+计数=1/2 可屏蔽- 64 位- 功能:[6c] Express Root 端口(插槽)、MSI 00 功能:[100] 高级错误报告 使用的内核驱动程序:pcieport-driver 内核模块:shpchp .... …… ... 0a:01.0 VGA 兼容控制器:ATI Technologies Inc ES1000(修订版 02)(prog-if 00 [VGA 控制器]) 子系统:Super Micro Computer Inc 设备 9280 标志:总线主控、步进、快速 Back2Back、中等 devsel、延迟 66、IRQ 11 内存位于 d0000000(32 位,可预取)[大小=128M] I/O 端口数量为 3000 [size=256] 内存为 d8400000(32 位,不可预取)[大小=64K] [虚拟] d8420000 处的扩展 ROM [已禁用] [大小=128K] 功能:[50] 电源管理版本 2
-t 选项在树状图中显示所有 pci 设备,其中包含所有总线、桥接器、设备以及它们之间的连接:
$ lspci -tv
示例输出:
-[0000:00]-+-00.0 Intel Corporation 核心处理器 DMI +-03.0-[0000:01]----00.0 nVidia 公司 G92 [Quadro FX 2800M] +-08.0 Intel Corporation 核心处理器系统管理寄存器 +-08.1 Intel Corporation 核心处理器信号量和暂存器寄存器 +-08.2 Intel Corporation 核心处理器系统控制和状态寄存器 +-08.3 Intel Corporation 核心处理器杂项寄存器 +-10.0 英特尔公司核心处理器 QPI 链接 +-10.1 Intel Corporation 核心处理器 QPI 路由和协议寄存器 +-1a.0 Intel Corporation 5 系列/3400 系列芯片组 USB2 增强型主机控制器 +-1b.0 Intel Corporation 5 系列/3400 系列芯片组高保真音频 +-1c.0-[0000:0b]-- +-1c.1-[0000:0c]-- +-1c.2-[0000:0d]-- +-1c.3-[0000:0e-0f]-- +-1c.4-[0000:10]-- +-1c.5-[0000:09]----00.0 Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5761e Gigabit Ethernet PCIe +-1c.6-[0000:11]-- +-1c.7-[0000:12]-- +-1d.0 Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB2 Enhanced Host Controller +-1e.0-[0000:03-07]--+-01.0 Texas Instruments PCIxx12 Cardbus Controller | +-01.1 Texas Instruments PCIxx12 OHCI Compliant IEEE 1394 Host Controller | +-01.2 Texas Instruments 5-in-1 Multimedia Card Reader (SD/MMC/MS/MS PRO/xD) | -01.3 Texas Instruments PCIxx12 SDA Standard Compliant SD Host Controller +-1f.0 Intel Corporation Mobile 5 Series Chipset LPC Interface Controller +-1f.2 Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset 6 port SATA AHCI Controller -1f.3 Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset SMBus Controller
GUI Tool: GNOME Device Manager
GNOME Device Manager is a complex program to give info about installed hardware including PCI devices. It cab be installed as follows
$ sudo apt-get install gnome-device-manager
Type the following command to start GNOME Device Manager, enter:
$ gnome-device-manager
Sample outputs:
![图 01:用于查找硬件详细信息的 Linux 设备管理器应用程序。](https://www.alaica.com/wp-content/uploads/linux-17.png)
Fig.01: Linux Device Manager application for finding the details of your hardware.
hardinfo: Hardware Analysis Program
HardInfo is another GUI tool for hardware analysis and system benchmark under Linux operating system. To install hardinfo, type:
$ sudo apt-get install hardinfo
To start hardinfo from the command line, enter:
$ hardinfo
Sample outputs:
![图 02:hardinfo - 另一个运行中的 Linux 系统信息应用程序](https://www.alaica.com/wp-content/uploads/linux-18.png)
Fig.02: hardinfo - Another Linux system information application in action
lshw CLI Application
The lshw command finds out detailed information on the hardware configuration of the machine including PCI devices. To install the same, enter:
$ sudo apt-get install lshw
OR
$ sudo yum install lshw
To run short report, enter (it must be run as root):
# lshw -short
Sample outputs:
H/W path Device Class Description ===================================================== system X7DBR-3 /0 bus X7DBR-3 /0/0 memory 108KiB BIOS /0/4 processor Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU 5130 @ 2.00GHz /0/4/6 memory 16KiB L1 cache /0/4/7 memory 4MiB L2 cache /0/5 processor Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU 5130 @ 2.00GHz /0/5/8 memory 16KiB L1 cache /0/5/9 memory 4MiB L2 cache /0/16 memory 8GiB System Memory /0/16/0 memory 2GiB DIMM Synchronous 667 MHz (1.5 ns) /0/16/1 memory DIMM Synchronous 667 MHz (1.5 ns) [empty] /0/16/2 memory 2GiB DIMM Synchronous 667 MHz (1.5 ns) /0/16/3 memory DIMM Synchronous 667 MHz (1.5 ns) [empty] /0/16/4 memory 2GiB DIMM Synchronous 667 MHz (1.5 ns) /0/16/5 memory DIMM Synchronous 667 MHz (1.5 ns) [empty] /0/16/6 memory 2GiB DIMM Synchronous 667 MHz (1.5 ns) /0/16/7 memory DIMM Synchronous 667 MHz (1.5 ns) [empty] /0/6 processor /0/1 generic /0/2 generic /0/3 generic /0/7 generic /0/100 bridge 5000P Chipset Memory Controller Hub /0/100/2 bridge 5000 Series Chipset PCI Express x8 Port 2-3 /0/100/2/0 bridge 6311ESB/6321ESB PCI Express Upstream Port /0/100/2/0/0 bridge 6311ESB/6321ESB PCI Express Downstream Port E1 /0/100/2/0/2 bridge 6311ESB/6321ESB PCI Express Downstream Port E3 /0/100/2/0/2/0 eth0 network 80003ES2LAN Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper) /0/100/2/0/2/0.1 eth1 network 80003ES2LAN Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper) /0/100/2/0.3 bridge 6311ESB/6321ESB PCI Express to PCI-X Bridge /0/100/4 bridge 5000 Series Chipset PCI Express x8 Port 4-5 /0/100/4/0 scsi0 storage AAC-RAID /0/100/4/0/0.0.0 /dev/sda disk 73GB raid1-a /0/100/4/0/0.0.0/1 /dev/sda1 volume 101MiB EXT3 volume /0/100/4/0/0.0.0/2 /dev/sda2 volume 67GiB EXT3 volume /0/100/4/0/0.0.0/3 /dev/sda3 volume 1027MiB Linux swap volume /0/100/4/0/1.0.0 disk 87GB MAX3073RC /0/100/4/0/1.1.0 disk 87GB MAX3073RC /0/100/6 bridge 5000 Series Chipset PCI Express x8 Port 6-7 /0/100/8 system 5000 Series Chipset DMA Engine /0/100/1c bridge 631xESB/632xESB/3100 Chipset PCI Express Root Port 1 /0/100/1c/0 bridge 6702PXH PCI Express-to-PCI Bridge A /0/100/1d bus 631xESB/632xESB/3100 Chipset UHCI USB Controller #1 /0/100/1d/1 usb2 bus UHCI Host Controller /0/100/1d.1 bus 631xESB/632xESB/3100 Chipset UHCI USB Controller #2 /0/100/1d.1/1 usb3 bus UHCI Host Controller /0/100/1d.2 bus 631xESB/632xESB/3100 Chipset UHCI USB Controller #3 /0/100/1d.2/1 usb4 bus UHCI Host Controller /0/100/1d.3 bus 631xESB/632xESB/3100 Chipset UHCI USB Controller #4 /0/100/1d.3/1 usb5 bus UHCI Host Controller /0/100/1d.3/1/1 input Multidevice /0/100/1d.7 bus 631xESB/632xESB/3100 Chipset EHCI USB2 Controller /0/100/1d.7/1 usb1 bus EHCI Host Controller /0/100/1e bridge 82801 PCI Bridge /0/100/1e/1 display ES1000 /0/100/1f bridge 631xESB/632xESB/3100 Chipset LPC Interface Controller /0/100/1f.1 storage 631xESB/632xESB IDE Controller /0/100/1f.1/0 ide0 bus IDE Channel 0 /0/100/1f.1/0/1 /dev/hdb disk Slimtype COMBO SSC-2485K /0/100/1f.2 storage 631xESB/632xESB/3100 Chipset SATA IDE Controller /0/100/1f.3 bus 631xESB/632xESB/3100 Chipset SMBus Controller /0/101 bridge 5000 Series Chipset FSB Registers /0/102 bridge 5000 Series Chipset FSB Registers /0/103 bridge 5000 Series Chipset FSB Registers /0/104 bridge 5000 Series Chipset Reserved Registers /0/105 bridge 5000 Series Chipset Reserved Registers /0/106 bridge 5000 Series Chipset FBD Registers /0/107 bridge 5000 Series Chipset FBD Registers
To get detailed information, enter:
# lshw
Sample outputs:
server1.example.com
description: Computer
product: X7DBR-3
vendor: Supermicro
version: 0123456789
serial: 0123456789
width: 32 bits
capabilities: smbios-2.5 dmi-2.5 smp-1.4 smp
configuration: administrator_password=enabled boot=normal cpus=3 frontpanel_password=unknown keyboard_password=unknown power-on_password=disabled uuid=53D19F64-D663-A017-8922-00304832D7AA
*-core
description: Motherboard
product: X7DBR-3
vendor: Supermicro
physical id: 0
version: PCB Version
serial: 0123456789
slot: Intel Dempsey/Blackford/ESB2
*-firmware
description: BIOS
vendor: Phoenix Technologies LTD
physical id: 0
version: 2.1 (06/23/2008)
size: 108KiB
capacity: 960KiB
capabilities: pci pnp upgrade shadowing escd cdboot bootselect edd int13floppy2880 acpi usb ls120boot zipboot biosbootspecification
*-cpu:0
description: CPU
product: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU 5130 @ 2.00GHz
vendor: Intel Corp.
physical id: 4
bus info: cpu@0
version: 6.15.6
slot: LGA771/CPU1
size: 2GHz
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz
capabilities: fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm syscall nx x86-64 constant_tsc pni monitor ds_cpl vmx tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr lahf_lm
....
....
..
*-pci:4
description: PCI bridge
product: 82801 PCI Bridge
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1e
bus info: pci@0000:00:1e.0
version: d9
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci subtractive_decode bus_master cap_list
*-display UNCLAIMED
description: VGA compatible controller
product: ES1000
vendor: ATI Technologies Inc
physical id: 1
bus info: pci@0000:0a:01.0
version: 02
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
功能:pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list
配置:latency=66 mingnt=8
*-isa(输出被截断)
dmidecode 命令行
dmidecode 命令用于将计算机的 DMI (SMBIOS) 表内容转储到屏幕上。该表包含系统硬件组件的描述,以及其他有用的信息,例如序列号和 BIOS 版本。
也可以看看:
- Linux 查明当前运行的内核是否支持 PCI 硬件
- 您还可以使用“man lspci”命令查看 lspci 的手册页。